Slovenian
Contributed by Sergey Say (Academia.edu profile). The data were gathered in 2021.
How to cite
Say, Sergey. 2022. Nominal causal constructions in Slovenian. In: Say, Sergey, Natalia Logvinova, Elizaveta Zabelina, and Natalia Zaika (eds.). 2022–. NoCaCoDa: Typological database of nominal causal constructions. St. Petersburg: Institute for Linguistic Studies, RAS. (Data first published on December 1, 2022; last revised on December 1, 2022). (Available online at https://nocacoda.info. Accessed on .)
1
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Robček | je | bi-l | moker | od | solz. |
| handkerchief( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | be- lpt [ m . sg ] | wet[ m . nom . sg ] | from | tear( f )[ gen . pl ] |
| The handkerchief got soaked from tears. | |||||
2
Status: main; causal marker: pod INS
| Vej-a | se | je | zlomi-l-a | pod | tež-o. |
| branch( f )- nom . sg | refl | aux .3 sg | break( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | under | weight( f )- ins . sg |
| The branch broke under the weight. | |||||
3
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žensk-a | je | kiha-l-a | zaradi | dim-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | cough( ipfv )- lpt - f . sg | because.of | smoke( m )- gen . sg |
| The woman is coughing because of the smoke. | ||||
4
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Zaradi | tem-e | ne | vidimo | obal-e. |
| because.of | darkness( f )- gen . sg | not | see( ipfv ). prs .1 pl | shore( f )- gen . sg |
| We can’t see the shore because of the darkness. | ||||
5
Status: main; causal marker: po LOC
| Aretira-l-i | so | človek-a | po | pomot-i. |
| arrest( pfv )- lpt - m . pl | aux .3 pl | man( m )- acc . sg | after | mistake( f )- loc . sg |
| The man was arrested by mistake. | ||||
6
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Drev-o | se | je | zruši-l-o | zaradi | vetr-a. |
| tree( n )- nom . sg | refl | aux .3 sg | fall- lpt - n . sg | because.of | wind( m )- gen . sg |
| The tree fell due to the wind. | |||||
7
Status: main; causal marker: po LOC
| Človek | je | umr-l | takoj | po | stik-u | z | eletktrik-o. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | die( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | immediately | after | contact( m )- loc . sg | with | electricity( f )- ins . sg |
| The man died immediately from electric shock. | |||||||
8
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žensk-a | se | je | zbudi-l-a | zaradi | hrup-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | refl | aux .3 sg | wake.up( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | because.of | noise( m )- gen . sg |
| The woman woke up because of the noise. | |||||
8
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Žensko | je | prebudi-l | hrup. |
| woman( f )- acc . sg | aux .3 sg | wake.up( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | noise( m )[ nom . sg ] |
| The noise woke the woman up. | |||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the expected causal noun phrase is expressed as the grammatical subject. | |||
9
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Človek | je | ime-l | glavobol | zaradi | piv-a. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | have( ipfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | headache( m )[ acc . sg ] | because.of | beer( n )- gen . sg |
| The man had a headache from the beer. | |||||
10
Status: main; causal marker: DAT
| Žensk-a | se | je | kužk-u | zasmeja-l-a, | ker | se | je | ta | smešno | spotakni-l. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | refl | aux .3 sg | puppy( m )- dat . sg | laugh( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | because | refl | aux .3 sg | this. m . nom . sg | in_a_funny_way | stumble( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] |
| The woman laughed at the puppy because it tumbled over in a funny way. | ||||||||||
11
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Človek | je | umr-l | zaradi | zastrupitve | z | ribo. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | die( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | because.of | poisoning( f )- gen . sg | with | fish( f )- ins . sg |
| The man died of fish poisoning. | ||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the noun phrase used in the nominal causal construction semantically deviates from the one intended by the stimulus sentence. | ||||||
11
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Človek | je | umr-l | od | zastrupitv-e | z | rib-o. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | die( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | from | poisoning( f )- gen . sg | with | fish( f )- ins . sg |
| The man died of fish poisoning. | ||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the noun phrase used in the nominal causal construction semantically deviates from the one intended by the stimulus sentence. | ||||||
11
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Človek | je | umr-l | zaradi | strupen-e | rib-e |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | die( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | because.of | poisonous- f . gen . sg | fish( f )- gen . sg |
| The main died from a poisonous fish. | |||||
12
Status: main; causal marker: z INS
| Punc-a | je | zadovoljn-a | z | ocen-o. |
| girl( f )-a | be. prs .3 sg | satisfied- f . nom . sg | with | grade( f )- ins . sg |
| The girl is satisfied with her grade. | ||||
13
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Žen-o | so | razjezi-l-e | možev-e | besed-e. |
| wife( f )- acc . sg | aux .3 pl | anger( pfv )- lpt - f . pl | husband’s- f . nom . pl | word( f )- nom . pl |
| Husband’s words made the woman angry. | ||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the expected causal noun phrase is expressed as the grammatical subject. | ||||
13
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žen-a | je | bi-l-a | jezn-a | zaradi | možev-ih | besed. |
| wife( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | be- lpt - f . sg | angry- f . nom . sg | because.of | husband’s- gen . pl | word( f )[ gen . pl ] |
| The wife was angry because of her husband’s words. | ||||||
14
Status: main; causal marker: nad INS
| Fant | je | bi-l | navdušen | nad | idej-o | očet-a, | da | bi | šl-a | gleda-t | nogomet. |
| boy( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | be- lpt [ m . sg ] | thrilled[ m . nom . sg ] | above | idea( f )- ins . sg | father( m )- gen . sg | conj | sbjv | go( ipfv ). lpt - m . du | watch( ipfv )- sup | football( m )[ acc . sg ] |
| The boy was thrilled by his father’s idea to go watch football. | |||||||||||
15
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Človek | je | oslabe-l | od | lakot-e |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | weaken( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | from | hunger( f )- gen . sg |
| The man was weakened by hunger. | ||||
15
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Lakot-a | je | oslabe-l-a | človek-a. |
| hunger( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | weaken( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | man( m )- acc . sg |
| Hunger has weakened the man. | |||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the expected causal noun phrase is expressed as the grammatical subject. | |||
16
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Človek | je | umr-l | od | lakot-e. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | die( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | from | hunger( f )- gen . sg |
| The man died of starvation. | ||||
17
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Človek | je | zakriča-l | od | bolečin-e. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | scream( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | from | pain( f )- gen . sg |
| The man screamed from the pain. | ||||
17
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Človek | je | zakričal | zaradi | bolečin-e. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | scream( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | because.of | pain( f )- gen . sg |
| The man screamed from the pain. | ||||
18
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Žensk-a | se | trese | od | mraz-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | refl | shiver( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | from | cold( m )- gen . sg |
| The woman is shivering from the cold. | ||||
19
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Otrok | se | je | zače-l | joka-ti | od | strah-u. |
| child( m )[ nom . sg ] | refl | aux .3 sg | begin( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | cry( ipfv )- inf | from | fear( m )- gen . sg |
| The child began to cry out of fear. | ||||||
20
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Otrok | se | je | smeja-l | od | sreč-e. |
| child( m )[ nom . sg ] | refl | aux .3 sg | laugh( ipfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | from | joy( f )- gen . sg |
| The child laughed with joy. | |||||
21
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Otrok | se | je | od | strah-u | skri-l | v | skedenj. |
| child( m )[ nom . sg ] | refl | aux .3 sg | from | fear( m )- gen . sg | hide( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | in | barn( m )[ acc . sg ] |
| The child hid in the barn out of fear. | |||||||
22
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Človek | je | molča-l | zaradi | svoj-e | skromnost-i. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | keep.silent( ipfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | because.of | one’s- f . gen . sg | modesty( f )- gen . sg |
| The man kept silent out of modesty. | |||||
22
Status: alternate; causal marker: iz GEN
| Človek | je | molča-l | iz | skromnost-i. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | keep.silent( ipfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | out.of | modesty( f )- gen . sg |
| The man kept silent out of modesty. | ||||
23
Status: main; causal marker: v LOC
| Žensk-a | se | je | v | strah-u | prije-l-a | za | rok-o | svoj-ega brat-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | refl | in | fear( m )- loc . sg | grab( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | for | hand( f )- acc . sg | one’s- m . gen . sg | brother( m )- gen . sg |
| The woman grabbed her brother’s hand in fear. | ||||||||
24
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Žensk-a | je | utrujen-a | od | del-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | be. prs .3 sg | tired- f . nom . sg | from | work( n )- gen . sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||||
25
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žensk-a | ne | more | zaspa-ti | zaradi | komarj-ev. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | not | be.able( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | fall.asleep( pfv )- inf | because.of | moscito( m )- gen . pl |
| The woman can’t fall asleep because of the mosquitoes. | |||||
26
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Vod-a | se | lesketa | zaradi | Lun-e. |
| water( f )- nom . sg | refl | glitter( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | because.of | moon( f )- gen . sg |
| The water looks bright because of the moon. | ||||
27
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Človek | je | zaradi | svoj-ega | ps-a | ime-l | dober | lov. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | because.of | one’s- m . gen . sg | dog( m )- gen . sg | have( ipfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | good[ m . acc . sg ] | hunt( m )[ acc . sg ] |
| Thanks to his dog, the man had a successful hunt. | |||||||
27
Status: alternate; causal marker: zahvaljujoc DAT
| Človek | je | imel | zahvaljujoč | svoj-emu | ps-u | dober | lov. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | have( ipfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | thanks.to | one’s- m . dat . sg | dog( m )- dat . sg | good[ m . acc . sg ] | hunt( m )[ acc . sg ] |
| Thanks to his dog, the man had a successful hunt. | |||||||
28
Status: main; causal marker: na ACC
| Žen-a | je | bi-l-a | jezn-a | na | mož-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | be- lpt - f . sg | angry- f . nom . sg | on | husband( m )- acc . sg |
| The wife was angry at her husband. | |||||
29
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žensk-a | je | zamudi-l-a | služb-o | zaradi | svoj-ega | mož-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | be.late( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | work( f )- acc . sg | because.of | one’s- m . gen . sg | husband( m )- gen . sg |
| The woman was late for work because of her husband. | ||||||
30
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Ljud-je | so | zaradi | potres-a | umr-l-i. |
| people- nom . pl | aux .3 pl | because.of | earthquake( m )- gen . sg | die( pfv )- lpt - m . pl |
| The people died because of the earthquake. | ||||
30
Status: alternate; causal marker: med INS
| Ljud-je | so | med | potres-om | umr-l-i. |
| people- nom . pl | aux .3 pl | between | earthquake( m )- ins . sg | die( pfv )- lpt - m . pl |
| The people died because of the earthquake. | ||||
31
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Vs-e | nesreč-e | se | zgodijo | zaradi | ljud-i. |
| all- f . nom . pl | misfortune( f )- nom . pl | refl | happen( ipfv ). prs .3 pl | because.of | people- gen . pl |
| All misfortunes happen because of people. | |||||
32
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Zaradi | operacije | človek | zdaj | boljše | vidi. |
| because.of | operation( f )- gen . sg | man( m )[ nom . sg ] | now | better | see( ipfv ). prs .3 sg |
| Thanks to the operation, the man can now see better. | |||||
33
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žensk-a | je | živ-a | zaradi | človek-a, | ki | jo | je | reši-l. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | be. prs .3 sg | alive- f . nom . sg | because.of | man( m )- gen . sg | who. nom | she. acc | aux .3 sg | save( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] |
| The woman is alive thanks to the man who rescued her. | ||||||||
33
Status: alternate; causal marker: zahvaljujoc DAT
| Žensk-a | je | živ-a | zahvaljujoč | človek-u, | ki | jo | je | reši-l. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | be. prs .3 sg | alive- nom . sg . f | thanks.to | man( m )- dat . sg | who. nom | she. acc | aux .3 sg | save( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] |
| The woman is alive thanks to the man who rescued her. | ||||||||
34
Status: main; causal marker: po LOC
| Človek | je | po | neumnost-i | o | tem | poveda-l | žen-i. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | after | stupidity( f )- loc . sg | about | this. loc | tell( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | wife( f )- dat . sg |
| The man told his wife about it out of stupidity. | |||||||
34
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Človek | je | naredi-l | neumnost | in | o | tem | poveda-l | svoj-i | žen-i |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | make( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | stupidity( f )[ acc . sg ] | and | about | this. loc | tell( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | one’s- f . dat . sg | wife( f )- dat . sg |
| The man did a stupid thing and told his wife about it. | |||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing and the caused events are not expressed in a single sentence. | |||||||||
35
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žensk-a | je | zaradi | nerodnost-i spodrsni-l-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | carelessness( f )- gen . sg | slip( pfv )- lpt - f . sg |
| The woman slipped because of carelessness. | |||
35
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Žensk-a | je | bi-l-a | nerodn-a | in | ji | je | spodrsni-l-o. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | be- lpt - f . sg | careless- f . nom . sg | and | she. dat | aux .3 sg | slip( pfv )- lpt - n . sg |
| The woman was carelless and slipped. | |||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing and the caused events are not expressed in a single sentence. | |||||||
36
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Pilot | je | zaradi | izkušenost-i | uspešno | prizemlji-l | letal-o. |
| pilot( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | because.of | experience( f )- gen . sg | successfully | land( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | plane( n )- acc . sg |
| The pilot landed the plane successfully thanks to his experience. | ||||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: zahvaljujoc DAT
| Pilot | je | zahvaljujoč | izkušenost-i | uspešno | prizemlji-l | letal-o. |
| pilot( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | thanks.to | experience( f )- dat . sg | successfully | land( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | plane( n )- acc . sg |
| The pilot landed the plane successfully thanks to his experience. | ||||||
37
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Zaradi | svoj-e | neizkušenost-i | pilot | ni | moge-l | prista-ti. |
| because.of | one’s- f . gen . sg | inexperience( f )- gen . sg | pilot( m )[ nom . sg ] | not | be.able( ipfv ). lpt [ m . sg ] | land( pfv )- inf |
| The pilot could not land due to inexperience. | ||||||
38
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Ljud-je | so | v | vojn-i | jed-l-i | trav-o | zaradi | lakot-e. |
| people- nom . pl | aux .3 pl | in | war( f )- loc . sg | eat( ipfv )- lpt - m . pl | grass( f )- acc . sg | because.of | hunger( f )- gen . sg |
| In wartime, people ate grass out of hunger. | |||||||
39
Status: main; causal marker: iz GEN
| Žensk-a | je | vstopi-l-a | iz | radovednost-i. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | go.in- lpt - f . sg | out.of | curiosity( f )- gen . sg |
| The woman went inside out of curiosity. | ||||
40
Status: main; causal marker: iz GEN
| Iz | ljubosumj-a | je | ubi-l | svoj-o | žen-o. |
| out.of | jealousy( n )- gen . sg | aux .3 sg | kill( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | one’s- f . acc . sg | wife( f )- acc . sg |
| (He) killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Zaradi | ljubosumj-a | je | ubi-l | svoj-o | žen-o. |
| because.of | jealousy( n )- gen . sg | aux .3 sg | kill( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | one’s- f . acc . sg | wife( f )- acc . sg |
| (He) killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
41
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Človek | je | bi-l | tako | domišljav, | da | je | vsem | o | tem | poveda-l. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | be- lpt [ m . sg ] | so | vain[ m . nom . sg ] | conj | aux .3 sg | all. dat . pl | about | this. loc | tell( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] |
| The man was so vain that he told everyone about it. | ||||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing and the caused events are not expressed in a single sentence. | ||||||||||
41
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Človek | je | vsem | o | tem | poveda-l, | ker | je | bi-l | domišljav. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | all. dat . pl | about | this. loc | tell( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | because | aux .3 sg | be- lpt [ m . sg ] | vain[ m . nom . sg ] |
| The man told everyone about it because he was vain. | |||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||||||||
41
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Zaradi | svoj-e | domišljavost-i | je | človek | vsem | o | tem | poveda-l. |
| because.of | one’s- f . gen . sg | vanity( f )- gen . sg | aux .3 sg | man( m )[ nom . sg ] | all. dat . pl | about | this- loc | tell( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] |
| The man told everyone about it out of vanity. | ||||||||
42
Status: main; causal marker: iz GEN
| Iz | jez-e | je | žensk-a | razbi-l-a | vse | posod-e. |
| out.of | anger( f )- gen . sg | aux .3 sg | woman( f )- nom . sg | break( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | all. f . acc . pl | dish( f )- acc . pl |
| The woman broke all the dishes out of anger. | ||||||
43
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Ker | jo | je | zeb-l-o, | je | ženska | šl-a | spa-t | oblečen-a. |
| because | she. acc | aux .3 sg | make.cold- lpt - n . sg | aux .3 sg | woman( f )- nom . sg | go( ipfv ). lpt - f . sg | sleep( ipfv )- sup | dressed- f . nom . sg |
| The woman went to sleep clothed because she was cold. | ||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||||||||
43
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Zaradi | mraz-a, | je | žensk-a | šl-a | spa-t | oblečen-a. |
| because.of | cold( m )- gen . sg | aux .3 sg | woman( f )- nom . sg | go( ipfv ). lpt - f . sg | sleep( ipfv )- sup | dressed- f . nom . sg |
| Because of the cold, the woman went to sleep clothed. | ||||||
44
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Učitelj | je | pohvali-l | učenčev-o | oblek-o. |
| teacher( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | commend( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | pupil’s- f . acc . sg | suit( f )- acc . sg |
| The teacher commended the student’s suit. | ||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the caused event is not explicitly expressed. | ||||
44
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Učitelj | je | pohvali-l | učenc-a | zaradi oblek-e. |
| teacher( m )[ nom . sg ] | commend( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | pupil( m )- acc . sg | because.of | suit( f )- acc . sg |
| The teacher commended the student for his suit. | ||||
45
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Človek | je | ubi-l | svoj-ega | sosed-a | zaradi | njegov-ih besed. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | kill( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | neighbour( m )- acc . sg | because.of | his- gen . pl | word( f )[ gen . pl ] |
| The man killed his neighbor for his words. | ||||||
46
Status: main; causal marker: za ACC
| Otroc-i | so | se | krega-l-i | za | žog-o. |
| child( m )- nom . pl | aux .3 pl | refl | fight( ipfv )- lpt - m . pl | for | ball( f )- acc . sg |
| The children fought over the ball. | |||||
46
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Otroc-i | so | se | krega-l-i | zaradi | žog-e. |
| child( m )- nom . pl | aux .3 pl | refl | fight( ipfv )- lpt - m . pl | because.of | ball( f )- gen . sg |
| The children fought because of the ball. | |||||
47
Status: main; causal marker: glede GEN
| Človek | se | je | skrega-l | z | brat-om | glede | dediščin-e. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | refl | aux .3 sg | quarrell( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | with | brother( m )- ins . sg | considering inheritance( f )- gen . sg | |
| The man argued with his brother regarding the inheritance. | |||||||
47
Status: alternate; causal marker: za ACC
| Človek | se | je | skrega-l | z | brat-om | za | dediščin-o. |
| man( m )[ nom . sg ] | refl | aux .3 sg | quarrell( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | with | brother( m )- ins . sg | for | inheritance( f )- acc . sg |
| The man argued with his brother over the inheritance. | |||||||
48
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žensk-a | je | kupi-l-a | knjig-o | zaradi | slik. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | buy( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | book( f )- acc . sg | because.of | picture( f )[ gen . pl ] |
| The woman bought the book because of the pictures. | |||||
49
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Žensk-a | je | odpoveda-l-a | svoj-e | načrt-e | s | prijateljic-o, | ker | je | bi-l-a | slab-e volj-e. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | cancel( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | one’s- m . acc . pl | plan( m )- acc . pl | with | friend( f )- ins . sg | because | aux .3 sg | be- lpt - f . sg | bad- f . gen . sg | mood( f )- gen . sg |
| The woman canceled plans with her friend because she was in the bad mood. | ||||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||||||||||
49
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Žensk-a | je | zaradi | slab-e | volj-e | odpoveda-l-a | načrt-e | s | prijateljic-o. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | aux .3 sg | because.of | bad- f . gen . sg | mood( f )- gen . sg | cancel( pfv )- lpt - f . sg | plan( m )- acc . pl | with | friend( f )- ins . sg |
| The woman canceled plans with her friend because of her bad mood. | ||||||||
50
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Glede | na | to, | da | so | luž-e, | je | sinoči | deževa-l-o. |
| considering | on | that | conj | be. prs .3 pl | puddle( f )- dat . pl , | aux .3 sh | this.night | rain( ipfv )- lpt - n . sg |
| Judging by the fact that there are puddles, it rained last night. | ||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||||||||
50
Status: alternate; causal marker: sodec po LOC
| Sodeč | po | luž-ah, | je | sinoči | deževa-l-o. |
| judging | after | puddle( f )- loc . pl , | aux .3 sh | this.night | rain( ipfv )- lpt - n . sg |
| Judging by the puddles, it rained last night. | |||||
51
Status: main; causal marker: glede na ACC
| Glede | na | mehurčk-e, | vod-a | vre. |
| considering | on | bubble( f )- acc . pl , | water( f )- nom . sg | boil( ipfv ). prs .3 sg |
| Judging by the bubbles, the water is boiling. | ||||
51
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Ker | so | mehurčk-i, | vod-a | vre. |
| because | be. prs .3 pl | bubble( f )- nom . pl , | water( f )- nom . sg | boil( ipfv ). prs .3 sg |
| As there are bubbles, the water is boiling. | ||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||||
51
Status: alternate; causal marker: sodec po LOC
| Sodeč | po | mehurčk-ih, | vod-a | vre. |
| judging | after | bubble( f )- loc . pl , | water( f )- nom . sg | boil( ipfv ). prs .3 sg |
| Judging by the bubbles, the water is boiling. | ||||
52
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Pridi | v | hiš-o, | ker | je | mraz. |
| come( pfv ) | in | house( f )- acc . sg | because | be. prs .3 sg | cold( m ). nom . sg |
| Come into the house because it is cold. | |||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||||
53
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Kje | je | moj-a | jopic-a, | ker | je | zunaj | mrzlo? |
| where | be. prs .3 sg | my- m . nom . sg | sweater( f )[ nom . sg ] | because | be. prs .3 sg | outside | cold? |
| Where is my sweater, because it is cold outside? | |||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||||||
54
Status: main; causal marker: po LOC
| Po | matematičn-em | zakon-u | ta | številk-a | ne | more | bi-ti | manj | kot | ena. |
| after | mathematical- m . loc . sg | law( m )- loc . sg | this. f . nom . sg | number( f )- nom . sg | not | be.able( ipfv ). prs .3 sg | be- inf | less | than | one( f )[ nom . sg ] |
| Per mathematical law, this number cannot be less than one. | ||||||||||