Sentence no. 24 ⮭
English: The woman is tired
Type: ontological
Adyghe
24
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| bzəλfəʁe-r | ʔʷefə-m | ə-ʁe-pŝə-ʁ |
| woman- abs | work- obl | 3 sg . erg - caus -get_tired- pst |
| The woman was tired of work. | ||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the expected causal noun phrase is expressed as the grammatical subject. | ||
Albanian
24
Status: main; causal marker: nga NOM
| Grua-ja | është | e | lodhur | nga | pun-a. |
| woman- nom . sg . def . f | be. prs .3 sg | art | tired. sg . f | from | work- nom . sg . def . f |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||||
Arabic
24
Status: main; causal marker: min GEN
| taʕib-ati | l-marʔat-u | mina | l-ʕamal-i |
| get_tired. pst . pfv -3 s . f | def -woman( f ). s - nom | from | def -work( m ). s - gen |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
Armenian (Eastern)
24
Status: main; causal marker: ABL
| Kin-ə | hogn-el=ē | ašxatank‘-ic‘. |
| woman- def | get_tired- ptcp _ pf =be. prs .3 sg | work- abl |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: GEN patcarov
| Ašxatank‘-i | patčaŕ-ov | kin-ə | hogn-el=ē. |
| work- gen | cause- ins | woman- def | get_tired- ptcp _ pf =be. prs .3 sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
24
Status: main; causal marker: man
| báxta | šuršít=əla | mən | pəlxána |
| woman( f ) | become_tired. res . f =3 f | from | work( m ) |
| The woman was tired from work. | |||
Basque
24
Status: main; causal marker: GEN ondorioz
| Emakume-a | neka-tu-ta | dago | lan-a-ren | ondorio-z. |
| woman- sg [ abs ] | be_tired- pfv - ptcp | abs 3 sg . prs .stay | work- sg - gen | result- ins |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||||
Belarusian
24
Status: main; causal marker: ad GEN
| žančyn-a | stami-l-a-sja | ad | prac-y |
| woman- nom . sg | get_tired- pst - sg . f - refl | prep | work- gen . sg |
| The woman was tired from work. | |||
Catalan
24
Status: main; causal marker: de
| La | don-a | està | cans-ad-a | de | treball-ar. |
| def . sg . f | woman( f )- sg | be. prs .3 sg | wear_out- ptcp . sg - f | from | work- inf |
| The woman was tired from work. | |||||
Chinese (Mandarin)
24
Status: main; causal marker: yinwei er
| zhègè | nǚrén | gōngzuò | léi-le |
| this | woman | work | get_tired- pfv |
| The woman got tired from the long work. | |||
| Note: It is claimed that the absence of a causative marker is possible only for monosyllable NPs when the expected marker is yīnwéi / yīn. For this reason, even though there is no explicit marker in the translation, we consider it as alternant of yīnwéi. | |||
Chuvash (Maloe Karachkino)
24
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| xërarəm | ëɕle-ze | jələn-ʨ-ə |
| woman | work- cv _ sim | get_tired- pst -3 sg |
| The woman is tired working. | ||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||
English
24
Status: main; causal marker: from
| The woman is tired from work. |
| The woman is tired from work. |
Erzya
24
Status: main; causal marker: ABL
| ava-sʲ | size-sʲ | rabota-do |
| woman- nom . def | get_tired- pst .3 sg | work- abl |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||
Filipino
24
Status: main; causal marker: sa
| Na-págod | ang=babáe | sa | trabáho. |
| pfv . mod . ev -tired | nom =woman | obl | work |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
French
24
Status: main; causal marker: par
| La | femme | est | fatigu-é-e | par | un | long | travail. |
| def . f | woman( f ) | be. prs .3 sg | tire- ptcp . prf - f | by | indef . m | long. m | work( m ) |
| The woman got tired from long work. | |||||||
German
24
Status: main; causal marker: von DAT
| Die | Frau | ist | müde | von | der | Arbeit. |
| def . nom | woman( f )[ sg . nom ] | be. prs .3 sg | tired | by | def . dat | work( f )[ sg . dat ] |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||||||
Guro
24
Status: main; causal marker: wii
| lɩ | zàn | wɛ́lɛ́ì | nyaá | nyáná | gɔ̀lɔ̀lɔ́ɔ́ | dʋ | pá-lɩ | wiǐ |
| woman | resp | bone | inside | finish\ pfv | work | long | indf | put.into- ger because |
| The woman got tired because she was working long. | ||||||||
Indonesian (Standard)
24
Status: main; causal marker: dari
| wanita | itu | capek | dari | pekerjaan |
| woman | that | tired | from | work |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||||
Italian
24
Status: main; causal marker: per
| la | donna | è | stanca | per | il | lavoro |
| def . f . sg | woman | be. prs .3 sg | tired. f . sg | for | def . m . sg | work |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||||||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: a causa di
| la | donna | è | stanca | a | causa | del | lavoro |
| def . f . sg | woman | be. prs .3 sg | tired. f . sg | to | cause | of. def . m . sg | work |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||||||
Japanese
24
Status: main; causal marker: INS
| Josei-wa | chō.jikan.rōdō-de | tsukare-ta. |
| woman- top | long_time_work- ins | get_tired- pst |
| The woman is tired from long work. | ||
Karelian
24
Status: main; causal marker: EL
| akk | vägez’ | ruado-s |
| woman | get_tired. pst | work- el |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: EL2
| akk | viäzu-i | ruado-s-piä |
| woman | get_tired- pst | work- el -out |
| The woman is tired because of work. | ||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: perad GEN
| inehmuu | viäzu-i | ruado-n | perad |
| woman | get_tired- pst | work- gen | because_of |
| The woman is tired because of work. | |||
Kazakh
24
Status: main; causal marker: ABL
| äyel1 | adam2 | žumïs-tan | šaš-ïp tur |
| woman1,2. nom | work- abl | get_tired- cvb | stand. prs 2.3 sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
Khanty (Northern)
24
Status: main; causal marker: ewelt
| imi | rɵpata | ewəλt | wewλi | pit-əs |
| woman | work | from | tired | become- pst |
| The woman got tired from the long work. | ||||
Khmer
24
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| prɒpʊən | khɲom | Ɂɒh1 | kɒmlaŋ2 | daoj3 | saː4 | niəŋ | thvɤː kəc5 kaː6 ŋiə7 ciə8 craən9 |
| wife | 1 sg | get_tired1,2 | daoj _ sa ː3,4 | young_girl | do | work5,6,7 | a_lot8,9 |
| My wife is tired with much work to do. | |||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||||||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: daoj sa
| prɒpʊən | khɲom | Ɂɒh1 | kɒmlaŋ2 | daoj3 | saː4 kəc5 kaː6 ŋiə7 ciə8 craən9 |
| wife | 1 sg | get_tired1,2 | daoj _ sa ː3,4 | work5,6,7 | a_lot8,9 |
| My wife is tired with much work to do. | |||||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: prueh tae
| prɒpʊən | khɲom | Ɂɒh1 | kɒmlaŋ2 | prʊəh3 | tae4 kəc5 kaː6 ŋiə7 ciə8 craən9 |
| wife | 1 sg | get_tired1,2 | pr ƱƏ h _ tae 3,4 | work5,6,7 | a_lot8,9 |
| My wife is tired with much work to do. | |||||
Khwarshi
24
Status: main; causal marker: POSS ABL
| ʁini | akejła | ħalt’i-qo-žo |
| woman | get_tired\ aor | work- poss - abl |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||
Kumyk
24
Status: main; causal marker: abl
| qʼatyn | iš-ten | boša-d-y |
| woman | work- abl | weaken- pst -3 sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||
Latvian
24
Status: main; causal marker: no GEN
| Sieviet-e | piekus-a | no | darb-a. |
| woman- nom . sg | get.tired. pst -3 | from | work- gen . sg |
| The woman got tired from work. | |||
Lezgian
24
Status: main; causal marker: SBEL
| kʔwalaχd-ikaj | diʃehli-∅ | galat-na |
| work. s - sbel | woman. s - abs | get_tired- aor |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||
Lithuanian
24
Status: main; causal marker: nuo GEN
| Moter-is | pavarg-o | nuo | ilg-o | darb-o. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | get_tired- pst .3 | from | long- m . gen . sg | work( m )- gen . sg |
| The woman got tired from the long work. | ||||
Moksha
24
Status: main; causal marker: ezda GEN
| ava-s' | siz'ə-s' | rabota-t' | ezdə |
| woman- def . sg | get_tired- pst .3[ sg ] | work- def . sg . gen | in. abl |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: inksa GEN
| ava-s' | siz'ə-s' | rabota-t' | inksə |
| woman- def . sg | get_tired- pst .3[ sg ] | work- def . sg . gen | because_of |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| ava-s' | siz'ə-s' | rabata-m-stə |
| woman- def . sg | get_tired- pst .3[ sg ] | work- inf - el |
| The woman got tired while working. | ||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: CSL
| ava-s' | siz'ə-s' | rabatama-nksə |
| woman- def . sg . gen | get_tired- pst .3[ sg ] | work- nzr - csl |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||
Norwegian (Bokmål)
24
Status: main; causal marker: av
| Kvinn-en | er | trett | av | alt | arbeid-et. |
| woman- def . sg | be. prs | tired | from | all. sg . n | work- def . sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||||
Polish
24
Status: main; causal marker: INS
| Kobiet-a | jest | zmęcz-on-a | prac-ą. |
| woman- nom . sg | be. prs .3 sg | exhaust- pass . ptcp - nom . sg . f | work- ins . sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
Russian
24
Status: main; causal marker: ot GEN
| Ženščin-a | usta-l-a | ot | rabot-y. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | get.tired( pfv )- pst - f . sg | from | work( f )- gen . sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
Serbian
24
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| žen-a | se | umori-l-a | od | posl-a |
| woman- nom . sg | refl | get_tired- pst . ptcp - f . sg | prep | work- gen . sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||||
Shughni
24
Status: main; causal marker: az
| Yā | ɣ̌inik | az | kor | mot | sic. |
| dem 3. f . sg | woman( f ) | el | work | tired | become. pf . f |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||||
Slovenian
24
Status: main; causal marker: od GEN
| Žensk-a | je | utrujen-a | od | del-a. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | be. prs .3 sg | tired- f . nom . sg | from | work( n )- gen . sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||||
Spanish
24
Status: main; causal marker: de
| la | mujer | est-á | cansad-a | del | trabajo |
| def . sg . f | woman( f )- sg | be. prs .3 sg | tired- sg . f | from. def . sg . m | work( m )- sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||||
Swedish
24
Status: main; causal marker: efter
| Kvinna-n | var | trött | efter | en | lång | dag-s arbete. | |
| woman- def . c . sg | be. pst | tired | after | indf . c . sg | long | day- gen | work |
| The woman was tired after a long day's work. | |||||||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Kvinna-n | var | trött | efter | att | ha | arbeta-t | länge. |
| woman- def . c . sg | be. pst | tired | after | that | have. inf | work- sup | long |
| The woman was tired after she had worked all day. | |||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||||||
Telugu
24
Status: main; causal marker: valla
| āviḍa | pani | valla | alasipōyi-ṁdi. |
| that_woman. sg | work. sg . obl | by | get_tired. pst -3 sg . nm |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
Udmurt (South)
24
Status: main; causal marker: ABL
| Kyšnomurt | žad́-i-z | už-leś. |
| woman | get_tired- pst -3( sg ) | work- abl |
| The woman is tired from work. | ||
24
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Kyšnomurt | žad́-i-z | uža-sa. |
| woman | get_tired- pst -3( sg ) | work- cvb |
| The woman is tired working. | ||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||
Ukrainian
24
Status: main; causal marker: vid GEN
| Жінк-а | втоми-л-а-ся | від | робот-и. |
| woman( f )- nom . sg | get_tired- pst - sg . f - refl | from | work( f )- gen . sg |
| The woman is tired from work. | |||
Urdu
24
Status: main; causal marker: ki vajah se
| ɔrat | kām | kī | vajah | se | thak | gay-ī | hɛ. |
| woman( f ). sg . dir | work( m ). sg . obl | adjz . f | reason( f ). sg . obl | from | get_tired | go. pfv - sg . f | prs .3 sg |
| The woman has become tired from work. | |||||||
Yupik (Siberian)
24
Status: main; causal marker: antalananan REL
| aʁnaq | məʁnuχ-t-u-q | qəpχa-m | aŋtala-ŋanəŋ |
| woman. abs . sg | get_tired- imm _ pst - ind . intr -3 sg | work- rel . sg | size-3 sg . poss . ins . sg |
| The woman is tired of work. | |||