Sentence no. 36 ⮭
English: The pilot was able to land the plane
Type: ontological
Adyghe
36
Status: main; causal marker: jahatarce
| ljotčʼjəkə-m | jə-ʔepəʔesenəʁe-m | jə-hatər-č̣ʼe | qʷəh.λate-r | ə-ʁe-ṭəsə-ŝʷə-ʁ. |
| pilot- obl | poss -skill- obl | poss -in- ins | sample- abs | 3 sg . erg - caus -sit_down- hbl - pst |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his extensive experience. | ||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: jaswakece
| ljotčʼjəkə-m | jə-ʔepəʔesenəʁe-m | jə-ṣ̂ʷaʁe-č̣ʼe | qʷəh.λate-r | ə-ʁe-ṭəsə-ŝʷə-ʁ. |
| pilot- obl | poss -skill- obl | poss -benefit- ins | sample- abs | 3 sg . erg - caus -sit_down- hbl - pst |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his extensive experience. | ||||
Albanian
36
Status: main; causal marker: fale DAT
| Pilot-i | arrit-i | të | ulë | aeroplan-in | falë | përvoj-ës | së | tij. |
| pilot- nom . sg . def . m | manage- aor .3 sg | sbjv | land. prs . sbjv .3 sg | plane- acc . sg . def . m | thanks_to | experience- dat . sg . def . f | art | gen .3 m |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | ||||||||
Arabic
36
Status: main; causal marker: bi fadgli GEN
| ʔistatʕaaʕ-a | tʕ-tʕajjaar-u | ʔan | j-uhbitʕ-a | tʕ-tʕaaʔirat-a | bi=fadʕl-i | χibrat-i=hi | l-kabiir-at-i |
| be_able. pst . pfv -3 s . m | def -pilot( m ). s - nom | that | 3 s . m . sbj -lower. prs . ipfv -3 s . m . sbj | def -aircraft( f ). s - acc | with=advantage( m ). s - gen | def -experience( f ). s - gen =3 s . m . poss def -big- s . f - gen | |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his big experience. | |||||||
Armenian (Eastern)
36
Status: main; causal marker: isnorhiv DAT
| I1=šnorhiv2 | mec | p‘orj-i | ōdač‘u-n | karoġac‘-av | vayrēĵk‘ | katar-el. |
| thanks_to1,2 | big | experience- dat | pilot- def | be_able- aor .3 sg | descent | do- inf |
| The pilot was able to land thanks to his big experience. | ||||||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
36
Status: main; causal marker: but
| náša | mutv-á-l | samolét | ka | but | +rába | hón-u |
| man( m ) | put. pst - ss .3 f - ls .3 m | aircraft( f ) | to | about | many | mind- p .3 m |
| The man landed the plane thanks to his knowledge. | ||||||
Basque
36
Status: main; causal marker: DAT esker
| Pilotu-a-k | bere | esperientzia-ri | esker | iza-n | da | hegazkin-a | lurrera-tze-ko | gai. |
| pilot- sg - erg | refl | experience[ sg ]- dat | thanks_to | be- pfv | aux . prs . abs 3 sg | plane- sg [ abs ] | land- ipfv - adj | able |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | ||||||||
Belarusian
36
Status: main; causal marker: dzjakujucy DAT
| pilot | zdole-ŭ | pasadzi-c' | samalёt | dzjakujučy | valik-amu | vopyt-u |
| pilot- nom . sg | manage- pst [ sg . m ] | land- inf | aircraft- acc . sg | prep | big- dat . sg . m | experience- dat . sg |
| The man landed the plane thanks to the big experience. | ||||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: z-za GEN
| pilot | zdole-ŭ | pasadzi-c' | samalёt | z-za | valik-aga | vopyt-u |
| pilot- nom . sg | manage- pst [ sg . m ] | land- inf | aircraft- acc . sg | prep | big- n . sg . m | experience- gen . sg |
| The man landed the plane thanks to the big experience. | ||||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: praz ACC
| pilot | zdole-ŭ | pasadzi-c' | samalёt | praz | valiki | vopyt |
| pilot- nom . sg | manage- pst [ sg . m ] | land- inf | aircraft- acc . sg | prep | big- acc . sg . m | experience[ acc . sg ] |
| The man landed the plane thanks to the big experience. | ||||||
Catalan
36
Status: main; causal marker: gracies a
| El | pilot | ha | aconsegu-it | aterr-ar | l' | avió | gràci-es | a | la | seva | experienci-a. |
| def . sg . m | pilot( m ). sg | have. prs .3 sg | achieve- ptcp . sg . m | land- inf | def . sg . m | plane( m ). sg | grace( f )- pl | to | def . sg . f | 3 sg . poss . sg . f | experience( f )- sg |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his solid experience. | |||||||||||
Chinese (Mandarin)
36
Status: main; causal marker: yinwei er
| zhègè | jīshī | yīnwéi | jīngyàn | ér | yǒubànfǎ | jiàngluò |
| this | pilot | because | experience | and | have_method | land |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his solid experience. | ||||||
Chuvash (Maloe Karachkino)
36
Status: main; causal marker: pergi
| pɨzək | opɨt | pergi | pilot | xəj-ën | samolot-nj-a | lajək | lart-sa |
| big | experience | post | pilot | self. p _3- gen | aircraft- p _3- obj | good | land- cv _ sim |
| The pilot landed the plane well thanks to his experience. | |||||||
English
36
Status: main; causal marker: thanks to
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. |
Erzya
36
Status: main; causal marker: kise GEN
| piloto-sʲ | ozavt-ɨze | menelʲvenče-ntʲ | èsʲ | teve-nzè | parste | soda-zʲ |
| pilot- nom . def | plant- pst .3 sg . poss .3 sg | airplane- gen . def | his | case-3 sg . poss .3 sg | fine | know- pst .3 sg |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his great experience. | ||||||
Filipino
36
Status: main; causal marker: dahil sa
| Nai-lapág | nang=maáyos=ng | pilóto | ang=eropláno, | dáhil | sa | karanásan=niyá. |
| pv . pfv . mod -placing_down | lk =orderly= gen | pilot | nom =airplane | because | obl | experience=3 sg . gen |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | ||||||
French
36
Status: main; causal marker: grace a
| Le | pilote | a | su | faire | atterrir | l’ | avion | grâce | à | sa | grande | expérience. |
| def . m | pilot( m ) | have. prs .3 sg | be.able. ptcp . prf | do. inf | land. inf | def . m | plane( m ) | thanks | to | poss .3 sg . f | big. f | experience( f ) |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his solid experience. | ||||||||||||
German
36
Status: main; causal marker: auf grund GEN
| Der | Pilot | konn-te | auf | Grund | sein-er | Erfahrung | das | Flugzeug | landen. |
| def . nom | pilot( m )[ sg . nom ] | can- pst .3 sg | on | ground( m )[ sg . dat ] | poss . refl - gen | experience( f )[ sg . gen ] | def . acc | plane( n )[ sg . acc ] | land. inf |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | |||||||||
Guro
36
Status: main; causal marker: le wi ma
| viɔɔ̀n | vɔ-zàn | sɔ́ | à | zùnlɩ | nya | é | le | nyáná | dɔ̀ɔ̀lɩ | le | wɩ́ | ma |
| airplane | sow- ag | be.liked\ pfv | 3 sg . nsbj | go.down- ger | with | 3 sg . refl | poss | work | know- ger | poss | affair | on |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to good knowledge of his job. | ||||||||||||
Indonesian (Standard)
36
Status: main; causal marker: karena
| pilot | itu | mampu | untuk | mendaratkan | pesawat-nya, | karena | pengalaman-nya |
| pilot | that | able | for | land | plane- poss .3 | because | experience- poss .3 |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | |||||||
Italian
36
Status: main; causal marker: grazie a
| il | pilota | è | riuscito | a | far | atterrare | l’ | aereo | grazie | alla | sua | grande | esperienza |
| def . m . sg | pilot | be. prs .3 sg | manage. pst . ptcp . m . sg | to | make. inf | land. inf | def . m . sg | plane | thanks | to. def . f . sg | poss .3 sg . f | big. sg | experience |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | |||||||||||||
Japanese
36
Status: main; causal marker: GEN okage-de
| Pairotto-wa | keiken-no | okage-de | chakuriku-deki-ta. |
| pilot- top | experience- gen | thanks_to- ins | landing- vblz . pot - pst |
| The pilot was able to land [the plane] thanks to his experience. | |||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: DAT yotte
| Pairotto-wa | keiken-ni | yotte | chakuriku-ni | seikō-sh-ita. |
| pilot- top | experience- dat | due | landing- dat | success- vblz - pst |
| The pilot succeeded in landing [the plane] thanks to his experience. | ||||
Karelian
36
Status: main; causal marker: AD
| pilot | vo-i | ištu-tta-da | samal´ota-n | suura-l | opita-l |
| pilot | can- pst | sit- caus - inf | plane- gen | big- ad | experience- ad |
| The pilot was able to land the plane because of his great experience. | |||||
Kazakh
36
Status: main; causal marker: GEN arqasinda
| ušqïš | öz-i-niŋ | ülken | täžiribe-si-niŋ | arqasïnda | ušaq-tï | qondïr-dï |
| pilot. nom | own- poss .3- gen | big | experience- poss .3- gen | due | plane- acc | land- pst .3 sg |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his great experience. | ||||||
Khanty (Northern)
36
Status: main; causal marker: pata
| tɵs | tăj-t-aλ | păta | χop-əλ | wɛr-s-əλλe |
| skillful | have- nfin . npst -3 sg | for | boat- poss .3 sg | make- pst -3 sg > nsg |
| He was able to repair the boat due to his skillfulness. | ||||
Khmer
36
Status: main; causal marker: daoj sa
| neak1 | baɯk2 | bɒː3 | mneak | ruəc | piː | krʊəh4 | thnak5 | cɒːracɒː6 | daoj7 | saː8 | cɒmneh | cʊmniəɲ pacceakaʔteːh nɯŋ bɒt9 piˀsaot10 rɔbɒh kɔat |
| driver1,2,3 | one. clf | prevent | prep | car_crash4,5,6 | daoj _ sa ː7,8 | knowledge | be_proficient | machinery | conj | experience9,10 | poss | 3 |
| The drived prevented a car crash due to his proficiency and experience. | ||||||||||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: prueh
| neak1 | baɯk2 | bɒː3 | mneak | ruəc | piː | krʊəh4 | thnak5 | cɒːracɒː6 | prʊəh | cɒmneh | cʊmniəɲ | pacceakaʔteːh nɯŋ bɒt7 piˀsaot8 rɔbɒh kɔat |
| driver1,2,3 | one. clf | prevent | prep | car_crash4,5,6 | pr ƱƏ h | knowledge | be_proficient | machinery | conj | experience7,8 | poss | 3 |
| The drived prevented a car crash due to his proficiency and experience. | ||||||||||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: prueh tae
| neak1 | baɯk2 | bɒː3 | mneak | ruəc | piː | krʊəh4 | thnak5 | cɒːracɒː6 | prʊəh7 | tae8 | cɒmneh | cʊmniəɲ pacceakaʔteːh nɯŋ bɒt9 piˀsaot10 rɔbɒh kɔat |
| driver1,2,3 | one. clf | prevent | prep | car_crash4,5,6 | pr ƱƏ h _ tae 7,8 | knowledge | be_proficient | machinery | conj | experience9,10 | poss | 3 |
| The drived prevented a car crash due to his proficiency and experience. | ||||||||||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: maok pi
| neak1 | baɯk2 | bɒː3 | mneak | ruəc | piː | krʊəh4 | thnak5 | cɒːracɒː6 | maok7 | piː8 | cɒmneh | cʊmniəɲ pacceakaʔteːh nɯŋ bɒt9 piˀsaot10 rɔbɒh kɔat |
| driver1,2,3 | one. clf | prevent | prep | car_crash4,5,6 | maok _ pi ː7,8 | knowledge | be_proficient | machinery | conj | experience9,10 | poss | 3 |
| The drived prevented a car crash due to his proficiency and experience. | ||||||||||||
Khwarshi
36
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| šoper-qo | tormoz | gil-a | l-eq-qa | iso-qo | mašina | k’ʷet’ | miχi-k’-a | b-eq-qo | b-eča-zal |
| driver- poss | brake | put- inf | iv -small- aor | iv -small- aor | machine | fine | drive- caus - inf | vi -be_able- prs | vi -be- tmp |
| The driver was able to apply the brakes because he knows how to drive a car. | |||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||||||||
Kumyk
36
Status: main; causal marker: uchun
| pilot | samolet-nu | oltu-t-t-u | jaχšy | bil-eʁen | učun' |
| pilot | airplane- gen | sit- caus - pst -3 sg | good | know- pc _ prs | because_of |
| The pilot was able to land the plane because he knew (everything) well. | |||||
Latvian
36
Status: main; causal marker: pateicoties DAT
| Pilot-s | spēj-a | nosēs-tie-s | pateic-otie-s | liel-ajai | pieredz-ei. |
| pilot- nom . sg | be.able. pst -3 | land- inf - rfl | thank- cnv - rfl | big- dat . sg . f . def | experience- dat . sg |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his solid experience. | |||||
Lezgian
36
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| jeke | teʒriba-∅ | ʔawa-j-wil-aj | pilotd-iwaj | samalot-∅ | ʔatsuqʔariz | xa-na |
| big | experience. s - abs | be- aop - abst - inel | pilot. s - adel | aircraft. s - abs | land | become- aor |
| Because he had a lot of experience, the pilot was able to land the aircraft. | ||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the noun phrase used in the nominal causal construction semantically deviates from the one intended by the stimulus sentence. | ||||||
Lithuanian
36
Status: main; causal marker: GEN deka
| Pilot-as | sugebėj-o | nutupd-yti | lektuv-ą | didel-ės | patirti-es | dėka. |
| pilot( m )- nom . sg | be_able- pst .3 | land- inf | plane( m )- acc . sg | big- f . gen . sg | experience( f )- gen . sg | thanks_to |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his solid experience. | ||||||
Moksha
36
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| letčik-s' | maštəz' | ozaft-əz'e | samolet-t' |
| pilot- def . sg . gen | skillfully | plant- pst .3. o .3 pl . s | airplane- def . sg . gen |
| The pilot skillfully landed the plane. | |||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as an adverb, not a nominal phrase. | |||
Norwegian (Bokmål)
36
Status: main; causal marker: takket vare
| Pilot-en | klar-te | å | lande | fly-et | takket | være | sin | lang-e | erfaring. |
| pilot- def . sg | cope- pst | inf | land | aircraft- def . sg | thank- pst . ptcp | be | own | long- def . sg | experience |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his great experience. | |||||||||
Polish
36
Status: main; causal marker: dzieki DAT
| Pilot | potrafi-ł | wylądowa-ć | dzięki | swemu | doświadczen-iu. |
| pilot[ nom . sg ] | manage- pst [ m . sg ] | land- inf | thanks_to | one’s. dat . sg | experience- dat . sg |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | |||||
Russian
36
Status: main; causal marker: blagodarja DAT
| Pilot | smog | posadi-tʹ | samolёt | blagodarja | svo-emu | opyt-u. |
| pilot( m )[ nom . sg ] | manage( pfv ). pst [ m . sg ] | land( pfv )- inf | plane( m )[ acc . sg ] | thanks | one’s- m . dat . sg | experience( m )- dat . sg |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | ||||||
Serbian
36
Status: main; causal marker: zahvaljujuchi DAT
| pilot | je | prizemlji-o | avion | zahvaljujući | sv-om | velik-om | bogat-om | iskustv-u |
| pilot. nom . sg | be. prs .3 sg | land- pst . ptcp | plane. acc . sg | prep | refl . pron - dat . n . sg | big- dat . n . sg | rich- dat . n . sg experience- dat . sg | |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his experience. | ||||||||
Shughni
36
Status: main; causal marker: az dasti
| Lůčik=i | vār1 | δo-d2 | samalůt | nêδdow | az | dasti | xu opyt. |
| pilot( m )=3 sg | be_able1,2- pst | plane | land. inf | el | caus | refl | experience |
| The pilot was able to land the plane as he had solid experience. | |||||||
Slovenian
36
Status: main; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Pilot | je | zaradi | izkušenost-i | uspešno | prizemlji-l | letal-o. |
| pilot( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | because.of | experience( f )- gen . sg | successfully | land( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | plane( n )- acc . sg |
| The pilot landed the plane successfully thanks to his experience. | ||||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: zahvaljujoc DAT
| Pilot | je | zahvaljujoč | izkušenost-i | uspešno | prizemlji-l | letal-o. |
| pilot( m )[ nom . sg ] | aux .3 sg | thanks.to | experience( f )- dat . sg | successfully | land( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | plane( n )- acc . sg |
| The pilot landed the plane successfully thanks to his experience. | ||||||
Spanish
36
Status: main; causal marker: gracias a
| el | piloto | pud-o | aterriz-ar | el | avión | gracias | a | su | experiencia |
| def . sg . m | pilot( m ). sg | be_able_to- aor . sg . m | land- inf | def . sg . m | plane( m ). sg | thanks | to | poss .3 sg | experience( f )- sg |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his solid experience. | |||||||||
Swedish
36
Status: main; causal marker: tack vare
| Pilot-en | lycka-de-s | landa | plan-et | tack | vare | sin | stor-a | erfarenhet. |
| pilot- def . c . sg | succeed- pst - pass | land. inf | airplane- def . n . sg | thanks | be. subj | poss . refl . n . sg | big- def | experience |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his solid experience. | ||||||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: pa grund av
| Pilot-en | lyck-ade-s | landa | plan-et | på | grund | av | sin | stor-a | erfarenhet. |
| pilot- def . c . sg | succeed- pst - pass | land. inf | airplane- def . n . sg | on | ground | of | poss . refl . n . sg | big- def | experience |
| The pilot was able to land the plane due to his solid experience. | |||||||||
Telugu
36
Status: main; causal marker: to
| paileṭ | vimānānni | atani | anubhāvaṁ | tō | diṁcagalig-āḍu. |
| pilot. sg | plane. sg . acc | that_man. sg . obl | experience. sg . obl | with | put_down. abil . pst -3 sg . m |
| The pilot was able to land the plane due to his experience. | |||||
Udmurt (South)
36
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Pilot | pukt-i-z | samoĺot-ze | badǯ́ym | opyt-ez | vań-en. |
| pilot | put- pst -3( sg ) | plane- acc . p .3 sg | big | experience- p .3 sg | be. prs - ins |
| The pilot was able to land the plane as he had solid experience. | |||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||||
36
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Pilot | pukt-i-z | samoĺot-ze | badǯ́ym | opyt-ez | jurtt-em-en. |
| pilot | put- pst -3( sg ) | plane- acc . p .3 sg | big | experience- p .3 sg | help- nmz - ins |
| The pilot was able to land the plane with the help of his solid experience. | |||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the noun phrase used in the nominal causal construction semantically deviates from the one intended by the stimulus sentence. | |||||
Ukrainian
36
Status: main; causal marker: zavdjaky DAT
| Пілот | зміг | посади-ти | літак | завдяки | велик-ому | досвід-у. |
| pilot( m ). nom . sg | be_able. pst . sg . m | land- inf | plane( m ). acc . sg | thanks_to | big- dat . sg . m | experience( m )- dat . sg |
| The pilot was able to land the plane thanks to his great experience. | ||||||
Urdu
36
Status: main; causal marker: ki vajah se
| paileṭ | ne | jahāz | apn-e | tajurb-e | kī | vajah | se | leṇḍ | kiy-ā. |
| pilot( m ). sg . obl | ta | vessel( m ). sg . dir | own- m . sg . obl | experience( m )- sg . obl | adjz . f | reason( f ). sg . obl | from | land | do. pfv - sg . m |
| The pilot was able to land the plane because of his experience. | |||||||||
Yupik (Siberian)
36
Status: main; causal marker: INS
| təŋastə-m | aqumə-st-aː | təŋəxkajuk | piɬəʁ-minəŋ |
| pilot- rel . sg | sit_down- caus - ind . tr +3 sg .3 sg | airplane. abs . sg | experienced- refl . poss . ins . sg |
| The man landed the plane thanks to experience. | |||