Sentence no. 40 ⮭
English: The man killed his wife
Type: ontological
Adyghe
40
Status: main; causal marker: qaxecace
| jeŝʷəʁʷənəʁe-m | qə-xe-č̣ʼə-č̣ʼe | λ̣ə-m | jə-ŝʷəz | ə-wəč̣ʼə-ʁ |
| jealousy- obl | csl - loc -go_out- ins | man- obl | poss -wife | 3 sg . erg -kill- pst |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: qaxecew
| jeŝʷəʁʷənəʁe-m | qə-xe-č̣ʼ-ew | λ̣ə-m | jə-ŝʷəz | ə-wəč̣ʼə-ʁ |
| jealousy- obl | csl - loc -go_out- adv | man- obl | poss -wife | 3 sg . erg -kill- pst |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: apq qjacew
| jeŝʷəʁʷənəʁe-m | ə-pq | q-jə-č̣ʼ-ew | λ̣ə-m | jə-ŝʷəz | ə-wəč̣ʼə-ʁ |
| jealousy- obl | 3 sg . pr -flesh | csl - loc -go_out- adv | man- obl | poss -wife | 3 sg . erg -kill- pst |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: fesce
| jeŝʷəʁʷənəʁe-m | feṣ̂(-č̣ʼe) | λ̣ə-m | jə-ŝʷəz | ə-wəč̣ʼə-ʁ |
| jealousy- obl | for- ins | man- obl | poss -wife | 3 sg . erg -kill- pst |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: jalazece
| jeŝʷəʁʷənəʁe-m | jə-lažʼe-č̣ʼe | λ̣ə-m | jə-ŝʷəz | ə-wəč̣ʼə-ʁ |
| jealousy- obl | poss -guilt- ins | man- obl | poss -wife | 3 sg . erg -kill- pst |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: jajakece
| jeŝʷəʁʷənəʁe-m | jə-jaʁe-č̣ʼe | λ̣ə-m | jə-ŝʷəz | ə-wəč̣ʼə-ʁ |
| jealousy- obl | poss -evil- ins | man- obl | poss -wife | 3 sg . erg -kill- pst |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: jazerarce
| jeŝʷəʁʷənəʁe-m | jə-zerar-č̣ʼe | λ̣ə-m | jə-ŝʷəz | ə-wəč̣ʼə-ʁ |
| jealousy- obl | poss -harm- ins | man- obl | poss -wife | 3 sg . erg -kill- pst |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Albanian
40
Status: main; causal marker: nga NOM
| Burr-i | vra-u | grua-n | e | tij nga xhelozi-a. |
| man- nom . sg . def . m | kill- aor .3 sg | woman- acc . sg . def . f | from | jealousy- nom . sg . def . f |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Arabic
40
Status: main; causal marker: bi sababi GEN
| qatal-a | r-radʒul-u | zawdʒat-a=hu | bi=sabab-i | l-ɣiirat-i |
| kill. pst . pfv -3 s . m | def -man( m ). s - nom | wife( f ). s - acc =3 s . m . poss | with=reason( m ). s - gen | def -jealousy( f ). s - gen |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: bi GEN
| qatal-a | r-radʒul-u | zawdʒat-a=hu | bi=daafiʕ-i | l-ɣiirat-i |
| kill. pst . pfv -3 s . m | def -man( m ). s - nom | wife( f ). s - acc =3 s . m . poss | with=incitement( m ). s - gen | def -jealousy( f ). s - gen |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: gan GEN
| qatal-a | r-radʒul-u | zawdʒat-a=hu | ʕan | ɣiirat-i-n |
| kill. pst . pfv -3 s . m | def -man( m ). s - nom | wife( f ). s - acc =3 s . m . poss | from | jealousy( f ). s - gen - indef |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Armenian (Eastern)
40
Status: main; causal marker: GEN patcarov
| Xand-i | patčaŕ-ov | tġamard-ə | spanec‘ | knoĵ-ə. |
| jealousy- gen | cause- ins | man- def | kill. aor .3 sg | woman. dat - def |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: GEN hogi vra
| Xand-i | hoġi | vra | tġamard-ə | spanec‘ | knoĵ-ə. |
| jealousy- gen | earth. gen / dat | on | man- def | kill. aor .3 sg | woman. dat - def |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: ABL
| Xand-ic‘ | tġamard-ə | spanec‘ | knoĵ-ə. |
| jealousy- abl | man- def | kill. aor .3 sg | woman. dat - def |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
40
Status: main; causal marker: but
| úrza | mxí-lə | ka | báxt-u | ka | but | +xayinúyt-u |
| man( m ) | beat. pst - ls .3 m | to | woman( f )- p .3 m | to | about | jealousy( f )- p .3 m |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||||
Basque
40
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| Gizon-a-k | jeloskortasun-a-k | jo-ta | hil | zuen | bere | emazte-a. |
| man- sg - erg | jealousy- sg - erg | hit- ptcp | kill[ pfv ] | aux . pst . abs 3 sg . erg 3 sg | refl | wife- sg [ abs ] |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: MOT
| Gizon-a-k | jeloskortasun-a-gatik | hil | zuen | bere | emazte-a. |
| man- sg - erg | jealousy- sg - mot | kill[ pfv ] | aux . pst . abs 3 sg . erg 3 sg | refl | wife- sg [ abs ] |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
Belarusian
40
Status: main; causal marker: z GEN
| mužčyn-a | zabi-ŭ | žonk-u | z | rèŭnasc-i |
| man- nom . sg | kill- pst [ sg . m ] | wife- acc . sg | prep | jealousy- gen . sg |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: ad GEN
| mužčyn-a | zabi-ŭ | žonk-u | ad | rèŭnasc-i |
| man- nom . sg | kill- pst [ sg . m ] | wife- acc . sg | prep | jealousy- gen . sg |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Catalan
40
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| La | gelosi-a | va | fer | que | l' | home | mat-és | la | seva | don-a. |
| def . sg . f | jealousy( f )- sg | go. prs .3 sg | do. inf | that | def . sg . m | man( m ). sg | kill- ipfv . conj .3 sg | def . sg . f | 3 sg . poss . sg . f | woman( f )- sg |
| The jealousy made the man kill his wife. | ||||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the expected causal noun phrase is expressed as the grammatical subject. | ||||||||||
Chinese (Mandarin)
40
Status: main; causal marker: youyu er
| zhègè | nánrén | yóuyú | jīdù | ér | shāsǐ-le | tā-de | qīzǐ |
| this | man | due_to | jealous | and | kill- pfv | he- poss | wife |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||||
Chuvash (Maloe Karachkino)
40
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| arʑɨn | arəm-nj-a | xoʂ-nə | bergi | vëler-ze |
| man | wife- p _3- obj | be_jealous- pc _ pst | post | kill- cv _ sim |
| The man killed his wife because he was jealous. | ||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||||
English
40
Status: main; causal marker: out of
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. |
Erzya
40
Status: main; causal marker: kise GEN
| cёralomane-sʲ | čav-ize | ni-nzè, | so-nzè | večke-ma-s | a | keme-m-ga |
| man- nom . def | kill- pst .3. o .3 sg . s | woman-3 sg . poss .3 sg | he- gen | be_in_love- nmlz - ill | not | trust- nmlz - prol |
| A man killed his wife out of distrust. | ||||||
Filipino
40
Status: main; causal marker: dahil sa
| P<in>atáy=ng | laláki | ang=kaniyá-ng | asáwa | dáhil | sa | sélos. |
| < pv . pfv >kill= gen | man | nom =3 sg . gen - lk | spouse | because | obl | jealousy |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: gawa ng
| P<in>atáy=ng | míster | ang=mísis=niyá | gawáˀ=ng | sélos. |
| < pv . pfv >kill= gen | husband | nom =wife=3 sg . gen | deed= gen | jealousy |
| The man killed his wife due to jealousy. | ||||
French
40
Status: main; causal marker: par
| L’ | homme | a | tu-é | sa | femme | par | jalousie. |
| def . m | man( m ) | have. prs .3 sg | kill- ptcp . prf | poss .3 sg . f | woman( f ) | by | jealousy( f ) |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||||
German
40
Status: main; causal marker: aus DAT
| Aus | Eifersucht | töte-te | der | Mann | die | Frau. |
| from | jealousy( f )[ sg . dat ] | kill- pst .3 sg | def . nom | man( m )[ sg . nom ] | def . acc | woman( f )[ sg . acc ] |
| Out of jealousy, he man killed his wife. | ||||||
Guro
40
Status: main; causal marker: nya
| gɔnɛ | zàn | é | na | jɛ̌ | maà | wʋ̀-lɩ | nya |
| male | resp | 3 sg . refl | wife | hit\ pfv | envy | carry- ger | with |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||||
Indonesian (Standard)
40
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| pria | itu | membunuh | istri-nya | karena | cemburu |
| man | that | kill | wife- poss .3 | because | jealous |
| The man killed his wife because he is jealous. | |||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||||
Italian
40
Status: main; causal marker: per
| l’ | uomo | ha | ucciso | la | moglie | per | gelosia |
| def . m . sg | man | have. prs .3 sg | kill. pst . ptcp . m . sg | def . f . sg | wife | for | jealousy |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||||
Japanese
40
Status: main; causal marker: INS
| Dansei-wa | shitto-de | tsuma-o | korosh-ita. |
| man- top | jealousy- ins | wife- acc | kill- pst |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: ABL
| Dansei-wa | shitto-kara | tsuma-o | korosh-ita. |
| man- top | jealousy- abl | wife- acc | kill- pst |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||
Karelian
40
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| n.a. |
| Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained. |
Kazakh
40
Status: main; causal marker: ABL
| er1 | adam2 | äyel-in | qïzɣan-šï-lïq-tan | öltir-ip qoy-dï |
| man1,2. nom | wife- acc | be_jealous- adj - nmlz - abl | kill- cvb | put- pst .3 sg |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Khanty (Northern)
40
Status: main; causal marker: pata
| iki | im-əλ | sɛŋk-s-əλλe | λik | păta |
| man | woman- poss .3 sg | beat- pst -3 sg > nsg | anger | for |
| The man beat his wife out of anger. | ||||
Khmer
40
Status: main; causal marker: daoj sa
| pdəj | kap | prɒpʊən | daoj1 | saː2 | kaː prɒcan |
| husband | hack_up | wife | daoj _ sa ː1,2 | nmlz | be_jealous |
| The husband hacked his wife up out of jealousy. | |||||
Khwarshi
40
Status: main; causal marker: SUPER TRNS
| žikʷa | ʁini | j-ih-aχ-χa | šakł-i-ƛ’o-jža |
| man\ erg | woman | ii -die- caus - aor | jealousy- o - super - trns |
| A man killed a woman out of jealousy. | |||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| žikʷa | ʁini | j-ih-aχ-χa | šakła-na |
| man\ erg | woman | ii -die- caus - aor | jealousy- cvb |
| The man got jealous and killed the woman. | |||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | |||
Kumyk
40
Status: main; causal marker: abl
| er1 | giši2 | gʲullew-un-an | qʼatyn-yn 'oltjur-d-u' |
| man1,2 | envy- p _3- abl | woman- p _3. gen | kill- pst -3 sg |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: uchun
| er1 | giši2 | gʲullew-un | učun | qʼatyn-yn 'oltjur-d-u' |
| man1,2 | envy- p _3 | because_of | woman- p _3. gen | kill- pst -3 sg |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Latvian
40
Status: main; causal marker: GEN del
| Vīriet-is | nogalināj-a | siev-u | greizsirdīb-as | dēļ. |
| man- nom . sg | kill. pst -3 | wife- acc . sg | jealousy- gen . sg | because.of |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: LOC
| Vīriet-is | nogalināj-a | siev-u | greizsirdīb-ā. |
| man- nom . sg | kill. pst -3 | wife- acc . sg | jealousy- loc . sg |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Vīriet-is | nogalināj-a | siev-u | greizsirdīb-as | uzplūd-ā. |
| man- nom . sg | kill. pst -3 | wife- acc . sg | jealousy- gen . sg | burst- loc . sg |
| The man killed his wife in a jealous rage. | ||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the noun phrase used in the nominal causal construction semantically deviates from the one intended by the stimulus sentence. | ||||
Lezgian
40
Status: main; causal marker: INEL
| ʔiχtibarsuzwil-aj | ʔitim-di | pab-∅ | qʔe-na |
| mistrust- inel | man. s - erg | woman. s - abs | kill- aor |
| The man killed the wife because of mistrust. | |||
Lithuanian
40
Status: main; causal marker: is GEN
| Žmog-us | nužud-ė | žmon-ą | iš | pavyduliavim-o. |
| person( m )- nom . sg | kill- pst .3 | wife( f )- acc . sg | out_of | jealousy( m )- gen . sg |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Moksha
40
Status: main; causal marker: CSL
| al'ɛ-s' | šav-əz'ə | ava-nc | korod-əma-nksə |
| man- def . sg | kill- pst .3 sg . o .3 sg . s | woman-3 sg . poss . sg . gen | be_jealous- nzr - csl |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: inksa GEN
| al'ɛ-s' | šav-əz'ə | ava-nc | korod-əma-nc-t' | inksə |
| man- def . sg | kill- pst .3 sg . o .3 sg . s | woman-3 sg . poss . sg . gen | be_jealous- nzr - def . sg . gen | because_of |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Norwegian (Bokmål)
40
Status: main; causal marker: i
| Mann-en | drep-te | kon-a | i | sjalusi. |
| man- def . sg | kill- pst | woman- def . sg | in | jealousy |
| A man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Polish
40
Status: main; causal marker: z GEN
| Mężczyzn-a | zabi-ł | żon-ę | z | zazdrośc-i. |
| man- nom . sg | kill- pst [ m . sg ] | wife- acc . sg | from2 | jealousy- gen . sg |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Russian
40
Status: main; causal marker: iz GEN
| Mužčin-a | ubi-l | žen-u | iz | revnost-i. |
| man( m )- nom . sg | kill( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] | wife( f )- acc . sg | out.of | jealousy( f )- gen . sg |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Serbian
40
Status: main; causal marker: iz GEN
| muškarac | je | ubi-o | žen-u | iz | ljubomor-e |
| man. nom . sg | be. prs .3 sg | kill- pst . ptcp | woman- acc . sg | prep | jealousy- gen . sg |
| The man killed the woman out of jealousy. | |||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: zbog GEN
| muškarac | je | ubi-o | žen-u | zbog | ljubomor-e |
| man. nom . sg | be. prs .3 sg | kill- pst . ptcp | woman- acc . sg | prep | jealousy- gen . sg |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
Shughni
40
Status: main; causal marker: az rui
| Yu | čorik=i | az | rui | revnost | xu | ɣ̌in | zī-d. |
| dem 3. m . sg | man( m )=3 sg | el | caus | jealousy | refl | wife | kill- pst |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||||
Slovenian
40
Status: main; causal marker: iz GEN
| Iz | ljubosumj-a | je | ubi-l | svoj-o | žen-o. |
| out.of | jealousy( n )- gen . sg | aux .3 sg | kill( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | one’s- f . acc . sg | wife( f )- acc . sg |
| (He) killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: zaradi GEN
| Zaradi | ljubosumj-a | je | ubi-l | svoj-o | žen-o. |
| because.of | jealousy( n )- gen . sg | aux .3 sg | kill( pfv )- lpt [ m . sg ] | one’s- f . acc . sg | wife( f )- acc . sg |
| (He) killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
Spanish
40
Status: main; causal marker: por
| el | hombre | mat-ó | a | su | esposa | por | celo-s |
| def . sg . m | man( m ). sg | kill- aor .3 sg | to | poss .3 sg | woman( f )- sg | because_of | jealousy( m )- pl |
| The jealousy made the man kill his wife. | |||||||
Swedish
40
Status: main; causal marker: pa grund av
| Mann-en | döda-de | sin | frun | på | grund | av | svartsjuka. |
| man- def . c . sg | kill- pst | poss . refl . n . sg | wife | on | ground | of | jealousy |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: n.a.
| Mann-en | döda-de | sin | frun | för | att | han | var | svartsjuk. |
| man- def . c . sg | kill- pst | poss . refl . n . sg | wife | for | that | he. anim | be. pst | jealous |
| The man killed his wife because he was jealous. | ||||||||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the causing event is expressed as a dependent clause, not a noun phrase. | ||||||||
Telugu
40
Status: main; causal marker: to
| atanu | atani | bhārya-ni | īrṣya | tō | caṁp-āḍu. |
| that_man. sg | that_man. sg . obl | wife. sg . obl - acc | jealousy. sg . obl | with | kill. pst -3 sg . m |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||
Udmurt (South)
40
Status: main; causal marker: INS
| Vorgoron | vi-i-z | kyšno-ze | voža-m-en-yz. |
| man | kill- pst -3( sg ) | wife- acc . p .3 sg | be_jealous- nmz - ins - p .3 sg |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: ABL
| Vorgoron | vi-i-z | kəšno-ze | voža-m-leś. |
| man | kill- pst -3( sg ) | wife- acc . p .3 sg | be_jealous- nmz - abl |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||
Ukrainian
40
Status: main; causal marker: cerez ACC
| Чоловік | вби-в | жінк-у | через | ревнощ-і. |
| man( m ). nom . sg | kill- pst . sg . m | woman( f )- acc . sg | through | jealousy( f )- acc . pl |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | ||||
Urdu
40
Status: main; causal marker: ki vajah se
| ādmī | ne | hasad | kī | vajah | se | apn-ī | bīwī | mār | dī. |
| man( m ). sg . obl | ta | jealousy( f ). sg . obl | adjz . f | reason( f ). sg . obl | from | own- f | wife( f ). sg . dir | kill | give. pst - sg . f |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||||||
40
Status: alternate; causal marker: me
| ādmī | ne | hasad | meṁ | apn-ī | bīwī | mār | dī. |
| man( m ). sg . obl | ta | jealousy( f ). sg . obl | in | own- f | wife( f ). sg . dir | kill | give. pst - sg . f |
| The man killed his wife out of jealousy. | |||||||
Yupik (Siberian)
40
Status: main; causal marker: n.a.
| juɣə-m | tuqu-t-aː | nuliː-ni | kuŋjaʁ-lu-ni |
| man- rel . sg | die- tr - ind . tr +3 sg .3 sg | woman- refl . poss . abs . sg | be_jealous- cv -3 sg . ss |
| Being jealous, the man killed his wife. | |||
| Note: This translation is not included in the database because the expression corresponding to the causing event is not a syntactic dependent of the expression corresponding to the caused event. | |||